Those diagnosed with a serious or chronic illness–like high blood pressure, epilepsy, HIV/AIDS, or a primary immunodeficiency (PI)–are not eligible to donate plasma. It seems simple, but some restrictions that make you ineligible to donate are not obvious. To donate, you must be at least 18 years old, weigh at least 110 lbs., be in good health, and pass a medical screening. But to keep the plasma supply and plasma donors safe, some requirements must be met to be eligible to donate plasma. Plasma donation is essential for those who rely on plasma-derived therapies. Most temporary deferrals last for a day, but some can last up to 6 months or even indefinitely. If you are temporarily deferred, you will be unable to donate for a certain period of time. There is also a chance you could be temporarily deferred from plasma donation. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced a draft proposal * for eligibility rules for blood and blood product donation using “gender-inclusive, individual risk-based questions to reduce the risk of transfusion-transmitted HIV.” This new guidance brings to light the various limitations on plasma and blood donation and the impact they can have on the plasma supply. Complications of donor apheresis.Recently, the U.S. Standardfor surveillance of complications related to blood donation.Patient education: Blood donation and transfusion (Beyond thebasics). You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. Last medically reviewed on April 24, 2018 This can help prevent dizziness, fainting, lightheadedness, and fatigue, some of the most common side effects associated with plasma donation. Drink an extra 16 ounces of clear, nonalcoholic fluids (preferably water) before your donation. The whole process takes about an hour and 15 minutes. While the FDA does allow donors to give plasma more frequently, this is the best practice for safety, according to the American Red Cross. You can donate plasma every 28 days, up to 13 times per year. Check with the American Red Cross to find the accredited plasma donation center closest to you. A red flag is if your donation center does not go through these processes. Your donation center should put you through a screening process that involves taking an initial blood test, filling out a questionnaire, and performing a physical exam. Make sure you’re visiting an accredited center. Continued bleeding from the needle insertion site after holding pressure is rare, but requires emergency medical attention. If the needle accidentally hits an artery, the technician will remove it immediately and hold pressure on the needle insertion site for at least 10 minutes. You may experience weak pain near your elbow. The needle and tubes used may appear to move or pulsate with the increased blood flow. The signs of an arterial puncture include a faster blood flow and lighter-than-usual color of blood running through the tubes to the machine collecting your plasma. Because arteries have higher blood pressure than veins, a puncture can lead to bleeding into the arm tissues around the puncture site. An arterial puncture can happen when the technician accidentally misses your vein and instead hits an artery. During a plasma donation, a technician starts by inserting a needle into a vein in your arm. Severe symptoms include:Īn arterial puncture is a very rare side effect that can occur any time a needle is used to tap into a vein. If these symptoms are left untreated, they may become more severe. numbness or tingling, especially in the lips, fingers, and toes.However, a small number of people who donate plasma experience what’s called a “citrate reaction” from the temporary loss of calcium. Because this effect is small and temporary, most people experience no side effects from citrate. In the body, citrate binds together a small amount of calcium molecules for a short amount of time. The plasma in the machine retains most of the citrate, but some will also enter your bloodstream. This anticoagulant is meant to prevent blood clots from forming. A citrate reaction is a very serious but very rare side effect of plasma donation.ĭuring a plasma donation, the technician will infuse a substance known as an anticoagulant into the blood collected in the plasma-separating machine before the blood is returned to your body.
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